条件状语从句50
常见的连接词语有：if, if only, in case, suppose (that), supposing (that), unless, as far as, as long as, given (that), granted (that), granting (that), once, on (the) condition (that), only if, provided (that), providing (that), so far as, so long as, so that, suppose (that), supposing (that), unless, when, where, wherever, while, in the event (that), presuming (that)等28个。
以上这些表示主从句条件关系的连接词语——在日常英语（交际、课本、真题、模拟试题等）中出现频率较高，各大词典、考题也是所见例句较多，故这里并不列举对应实例；且因其常见，重要性不言而喻，须一个一个吃透其真意，而后应用、讲解方可得心应手。
对应的方式方法不外乎是
——从英文词典中找到对应的词条，查看对应含义，
并逐渐地转化成（最好是内化成——习得）自己理解的、也可随时讲述的语句，
同时对照考题（真题、模拟试题、练习题）
——寻找其考查路径，知其然且要知其所以然。
作为师者——务必相应的内容要高于学生所知所晓，且可用聆听者可理解、明白、领悟的语言讲述，并逐渐使之理解掌握，而非仅仅成为一个传声筒、播放器——真要那样的话，人工智能就可随时取代我等——不可不觉察。
不很常见的连接词语有：but, but that, but what, as the case may be, assuming (that), except (that), for all I/we know, in so far as, just so, on the assumption that, on/with the stipulation that, on the supposition that, on the understanding that, save that, saving that, so, with the provision that, with the proviso that, with the stipulation that, with the understanding that, without (that), only that等22个——故下面配有例句。
but除非，若非,相当于unless。
but解作unless含义“除非、若非”，不很常见。
Nothing will content him but I give up my opinion.
除非我放弃我的观点，否则无法使他满意。
There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so.
（谚语）人若无思想，事物也就没有好坏之分。
but that：要不是，若非
but that，可以相当于except that（也可以解作别的含义，这里只是讲述but that引导条件从句的语义），相当于but/except for the fact that，后面所引导的是真实的情形，而对应的主句往往是虚拟语气，当然也可使用真实的陈述语气。
《英汉多功能词典》外文社第2版第132页but词条
but that还常引出否定意义的非真实条件从句，这里but that相当于but for the fact，译作“假如没有…”或“要不是”。
《英语语法大全》（夸克等著）第1377页
[f] but that作 “except (that)”解时为从属连词：
She would have ignored Edward but that she knew he would have complained to her sister.
《文馨当代英汉词典》第259页but词条
but: prep. but that：要不是，若非
They would have succeeded in reaching the summit but that rain came on.
要不是下雨，他们就可抵达山顶了。
but that/what若不是/要不是，如果不是，如果没有，只是；
● but what《英汉大词典》（第2版第253页but词条）
but what（口，相当于连词）相当于but或but that，但不如but或but that普通
as the case may be：视具体情况；或许
《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第278页case词条4.6
as the case may be, or whatever the case may be视具体情况；或许
The union is sitting things out until Labour is returned to office in a couple of years. Or not, as the case may be.
工会目前在作壁上观，等工党一两年后重新上台再说。到时候上不了台，那也说不定。
assuming (that)：假如，假设，假定
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第八版第106页assuming词条
assuming (that)假设…为真；假如
Assuming (that) he’s still alive, how old would he be now?
假定他还活着，现在有多大年纪了？
I hope to go to college next year, always assuming I pass my exams.
我希望明年上大学，当然是在我通过考试的前提了。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》第142页assuming词条
You use assuming or assuming thatwhen you are considering a possible situation or event, so that you can think about the consequences. 假定；假设
‘Assuming you’re right,’ he said, ‘there’s not much I can do about it, is there?’
“就算你是对的，”他说，“这件事也没什么我可以做的，不是吗？”
But assuming that the talks make progress, won’t they do too little, too late?
就算会谈取得了进展，也未免微不足道，且为时太晚了吧？
《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第101页assuming词条
assuming or assuming that假定；假设
But, assuming agreement can be reached on worker participation, what about the other shareholders? 但是，假定能就工人参与管理达成协议，那么其他的股东怎么办？
Keep your money or goods (assuming that you have any) separate from those of your husband.
把你的钱或财产（假定你有的话）跟你丈夫的分开。
except (that)：只是（相当于except for的用法，修正细节）
《韦氏高阶美语英汉双解词典》第699页except词条2：
These are parallel cases 【except (that) 】one is younger than the other.
这些案例很相似，只是一个比另一个时间近些。
for all I/we know：据我/我们所知
For all I know, this problem may have been solved.
这个问题或许已经解决了，谁知道呢。（据我所知，这个问题或许已经解决了。）
He took a book sometimes, but never needed it for all I know.
有时他拿本书，但据我所知，他从不需要那本书。
given (that)：鉴于，由于，考虑到
give: taking something into account考虑到，鉴于
Given the circumstances, you’ve done really well.
鉴于这种情况，你已经算是处理得很好了。
Given that the patients have some disabilities, we still try to enable them to be as independent as possible. 虽然考虑到病人有生理上的不便，我们还是尽量让他们自立。
granted (that)：假定，就算（是）
Granted (that) the story’s true, what are you going to do about it?
假定这种说法是真的，你又打算怎样去做？《剑桥高阶英汉双解词典》
granting (that)：假定，就算（是）
Granted (Granting) that the house is old, I still want to buy it.
即使那幢房子是旧的，我也扔想买下它。（英汉多功能学习词典）
in so far as (= as/so far as)（正式）到…的程度，在…的范围
insofar as或in so far as或in as far as
in so/as far as到…程度；在…范围（牛八）
That’s the truth, in so far as I know it. 就我所知，那是真实情况。
in so far as/ insofar as/ in as far as（正式）到…的程度
The research suggests that the drug will be successful, in so far as one can draw conclusions from such a small sample size.
研究表明，就目前这么小规模试用所得出的结论来看，这种药是会成功的。
just so（相当于as long as, if only）只要
Just so he gets his three meals a day, he doesn’t care what happens.
只要每天三餐吃得饱，他就可以什么事都不管。
Take as much food as you want, just so you don’t waste any food.
需要多少食物就拿多少，只要不浪费。
only that：要不是，若不是，若非——主句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气；
only that：只是——主从句多用陈述语气
He would probably do well in the exam only that he gets rather nervous.
如果不是太紧张的话，他可能会考好的。
I have nothing against him, only that I dislike his manner.
我并不反对他，只是不喜欢他的态度。
on the assumption that：假定，假设
on the assumption that…基于…的假定（《新世纪英汉大词典》）
The figures are based on the assumption that 50,000 tickets will be sold.
这些数字基于能卖出五万张票这个前提。
assumption假定；假设（牛八）
We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn u.
我们假定了每一个人都会应邀出席并正就此作出安排。
on/with the stipulation that：条件是，以…为条件
I agreed to help on /with the stipulation that others would also help.
我同意帮忙，条件是其他人也帮忙。
on the supposition that：假定，根据…的假定
On the supposition that he had left early, we went on without him.
假如他早已离开，我们就自己进行，不等他了。
on the understanding (that)：条件是…，以…为条件
on the understanding that以…为条件，在认为…的情况下
Jack lent Sarah the money on the understanding that she would pay it back next month.
杰克把钱借给了莎拉，相信她会在下月归还。（牛八）
on the understanding that…（非正式）条件是…
They agreed to the changes on the understanding that they would be introduced gradually.
他们同意这些改革，条件是须要逐步进行。
save that：（正式）除…之外，只是
●save that除…之外（正式）（柯林斯）
There is almost no water at all in Mochudi save that brought up from bore holes.
除了钻孔中抽上来的水外，莫丘迪几乎滴水无存。
●save用于save that只是，只…（《现代英语用法词典》）
He would have gone, save that he had no means.
I agree with you, save that you have got one or two facts wrong.
We have no news save that the ship reached port safely.
saving that：除了…
《新世纪英汉大词典》（主编胡壮麟）第2344页saving词条
I would be ready, saving the fact that I can’t find my missing shoe.
除了找不到失踪的那只鞋之外，我都准备妥当了。
with the provision that：条件是，以…为条件
The money was lent to him with the provision that it could be paid back within 6 months.
以6个月内归还为条件，将钱借给了他。
with the proviso that：只要，条件是
proviso（正式）（同意某事的）（前提）条件，（附带）条件
The money was given to the museum with the proviso that it is spent on operating costs.
那笔钱提供的博物馆，前提条件是必须用于博物馆的营运。
with the proviso that…只要…《新世纪英汉大词典》（主编胡壮麟）
Okay, with the proviso that Jane agrees, I accept. 行，只要简同意，我就接受。
《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第2017页proviso词条
proviso（正式）（同意某事的）（前提）条件，（附带）条件
The money was given to the museum with the proviso that it is spent on operating costs.
那笔钱提供的博物馆，前提条件是必须用于博物馆的营运。
without (that)：此时的without相当于unless，“除非”（属于古、俗语的用法）
You don’t know about me without you have read the book.
你对我不会有所认识，除非你读过此书。
in the event (that)：（正式）如果，万一
●in the event that（正式）如果；万一《COBUILD英汉双解词典》
In the unlikely event that they give you any real trouble, give me a ring.
万一他们真的来找你麻烦，就给我打个电话。
A computer is intelligent only to the extent that it can store information.
计算机的智能只是能储存信息这一点上。
●in the event that万一发生…（柯林斯）
In the event that any part of the deal may be blocked, the rest would go ahead.
万一交易的某一部分受阻，其他部分将继续进行。
以上未作标记词典者，均出自《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版及《现代英语语法》。
2017年8月2日