英语虽是当今的世界语,但依然有不少歧义,一句好几解,意思不明确。所以好多严谨的法律使用法语写的,因为法语的语法和时态更多更复杂更变态更难学。
比如在英语中,这句话:
I saw a man on the hill.
F酱应该要理解成:
I saw a man when I was on the hill.
我站在山上的时候看到了一个人
还是理解成:
I saw a man who is on the hill.
我看到有个人站在山上
英国近代两位文法大师Jocobs与Rosendbaum合著的English Transformational Grammar中有一句话,可以有6个意思!简直岔到十万八千里了,大家来跟着F酱看看这句话:
The Seniors were told to stop demonstrating on campus.
the Seniors:高年级的学生/老年人
demonstrate [ˈdemənstreɪt]
v.论证;举行示威游行(或集会);示范
想想看你能想出几个歧义?
语言巨擘Jocobs与Rosenbaum说:非英语国家的学生能揣摩出2个是正常,3个就已很棒了!4-5-6个就是很有天赋的啦!
1
第1解:
原句:The Seniors were told to stop demonstrating on campus.
理解:The seniors were demonstrating on campus and were asked to desist.
高年级的学生在校园里示威,校方要求他们停止示威。
desist[dɪˈzɪst]
vi.停止
这个理解是比较简单直白的了,地点和主语很明确。
2
第2解:
原句:The Seniors were told to stop demonstrating on campus.
理解:The seniors were demonstrating, and were asked to desist on campus (although they could demonstrate elsewhere).
高年级学生在示威,校方要求他们停止在校园中示威,但可在其它地方示威。
这个理解就是,学生可能正在示威游行,然后学校要自扫门前雪,只要不在学校里,你在哪儿都可以示威。重点变化的是地点:不在学校里。然而其他地方可不可,这句话中没有明确的给出,可以随意发挥理解了。
3
第3解:
原句:The Seniors were told to stop demonstrating on campus.
理解:The seniors were demonstrating, and they were asked, to desist, on campus.
高年级的学生在示威,校方在操场上,要求他们停止示威。
这个理解是,校方和高年级学生双方当事人都在校园里,这个时候,学生们被要求停止示威。
4
第4解:
原句:The Seniors were told to stop demonstrating on campus.
理解:People were demonstrating on campus, and seniors were asked to stop them.
有人在校园中示威,高年级学生被要求去制止他们。
在这个理解中,示威的行动发起人变了,不再是高年级学生,而是另外一波人,学生们被要求去制止这个示威的行动了。
5
第5解:
原句:The Seniors were told to stop demonstrating on campus.
理解:People were demonstrating and seniors were asked, on campus, to stop them.
有人在示威,高年级学生在校园中被要求去制止他们。
这个理解是,学生还在校园中的时候,被要求去制止示威。原句子中学生所处的位置被明确出来了。
6
第6解:
原句:The Seniors were told to stop demonstrating on campus.
理解:People were demonstrating and seniors were asked, to stop them from doing so on campus (although they could do it elsewhere).有人在示威,高年级学生被要求去制止他们在校园中示威(但他们可在别处示威)。
此句的意思类似于解2,学生们需要把示威的人轰出去,只要不在学校中,在哪里都可以。
看完这6个理解,F酱忍不住要感叹:人生怎么如此复杂!
你有什么“人生如此复杂”的句子?快拿出来让大家一起看看吧!
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