Three hundred and forty-eight years, six months, and nineteen days ago today, the Parisians awoke to the sound of all the bells in the triple circuit of the city, the university, and the town ringing a full peal.
距今三百四十八年六个月又十九天之前，巴黎人听到内城、大学城和外城三重城垣里所有的钟齐鸣，都苏醒过来。
The sixth of January, 1482, is not, however, a day of which history has preserved the memory. There was nothing notable in the event which thus set the bells and the bourgeois of Paris in a ferment from early morning. It was neither an assault by the Picards nor the Burgundians, nor a hunt led along in procession, nor a revolt of scholars in the town of Laas, nor an entry of "our much dread lord, monsieur the king," nor even a pretty hanging of male and female thieves by the courts of Paris. Neither was it the arrival, so frequent in the fifteenth century, of some plumed and bedizened embassy. It was barely two days since the last cavalcade of that nature, that of the Flemish ambassadors charged with concluding the marriage between the dauphin and Marguerite of Flanders, had made its entry into Paris, to the great annoyance of M. le Cardinal de Bourbon, who, for the sake of pleasing the king, had been obliged to assume an amiable mien towards this whole rustic rabble of Flemish burgomasters, and to regale them at his Hôtel de Bourbon, with a very "pretty morality, allegorical satire, and farce," while a driving rain drenched the magnificent tapestries at his door.
但一八四二年一月六日并不是一个载入史册的日子。一清早就这样惊动巴黎的大钟和市民的事件，也并无可圈可点之处。既不是皮卡迪人或者布戈涅人发动袭击，不是抬着圣人遗骸盒游行，不是拉阿斯葡萄园里的学生闹事，不是“威名煊赫的陛下入城”，甚至也不是巴黎司法宫广场很有排场的绞死男女窃贼。这更不是哪国盛装打扮、头戴羽冠的使节倏然而至，在十五世纪这是屡见不鲜的。仅仅两天前，最近一次这类车马行列，也即佛兰德使节的队伍，他们奉旨前来缔结王太子和玛格丽特·德·佛兰德的婚约，进入巴黎；波旁红衣主教不胜烦恼，他为了取悦国王，不得不对佛兰德 的市长们这一群乡巴佬笑脸相迎，在他的波旁府邸以出色的寓意剧、傻子剧和闹剧款待他们，而这时一场滂沱大雨把他门口的华丽帷幔浇了个水淋淋的。
What put the "whole population of Paris in commotion," as Jehan de Troyes expresses it, on the sixth of January, was the double solemnity, united from time immemorial, of the Epiphany and the Feast of Fools
一月六日，正如约翰·德·特洛瓦所说的，使全体巴黎人心潮澎湃的是，自远古以来汇聚在一起的双重节日，既是三王来朝节，又是小丑节。
On that day, there was to be a bonfire on the Place de Grève, a maypole at the Chapelle de Braque, and a mystery at the Palais de Justice. It had been cried, to the sound of the trumpet, the preceding evening at all the cross roads, by the provost's men, clad in handsome, short, sleeveless coats of violet camelot , with large white crosses upon their breasts.So the crowd of citizens, male and female, having closed their houses and shops, thronged from every direction, at early morn, towards some one of the three spots designated.Each had made his choice; one, the bonfire; another, the maypole; another, the mystery play. It must be stated, in honor of the good sense of the loungers of Paris, that the greater part of this crowd directed their steps towards the bonfire, which was quite in season, or towards the mystery play, which was to be presented in the grand hall of the Palais de Justice (the courts of law), which was well roofed and walled; and that the curious left the poor, scantily flowered maypole to shiver all alone beneath the sky of January, in the cemetery of the Chapel of Braque.
这一天，要在河滩广场放焰火，在布拉克小教堂种植五月树，在司法宫上演圣迹剧 e。司法官先生的手下人身穿漂亮的紫色羽纱上衣，胸前缀着两个白色大十字架，头天在十字路口吹起喇叭，发布通告。一大早，住房和店铺都关上了门，男女市民成群结队，从四面八方涌向指定的三个地点之一。每个人都打定主意，有的去看焰火，有的去看种五月树，有的去看圣迹剧。必须赞扬巴黎看热闹的人，他们根据相传久远的见识，绝大部分人是去看篝火，篝火正合时节；或者去看圣迹剧，圣迹剧要在关紧门、有屋顶的司法宫大厅里演出；好奇的人一致让可怜的花朵凋谢的五月树，在布拉克小教堂公墓一月的天空下独自瑟瑟发抖。
The populace thronged the avenues of the law courts in particular, because they knew that the Flemish ambassadors, who had arrived two days previously, intended to be present at the representation of the mystery, and at the election of the Pope of the Fools, which was also to take place in the grand hall.
老百姓尤其涌向司法宫附近的几条林荫道，因为他们知道，前天到达的佛兰德使节打算观看圣迹剧演出和遴选丑王，遴选也应在大厅举行。
It was no easy matter on that day, to force one's way into that grand hall, although it was then reputed to be the largest covered enclosure in the world (itis true that Sauval had not yet measured the grand hall of the Château of Montargis).The palace place, encumbered with people, offered to the curious gazers at the windows the aspect of a sea; into which five or six streets, like so many mouths of rivers, discharged every moment fresh floods of heads. The waves of this crowd, augmented incessantly, dashed against the angles of the houses which projected here and there, like so many promontories, into the irregular basin of the place. In the centre of the lofty Gothic façade of the palace, the grand staircase, incessantly ascended and descended by a double current, which, after parting on the intermediate landing-place, flowed in broad waves along its lateral slopes,—the grand staircase, I say, trickled incessantly into the place, like a cascade into a lake. The cries, the laughter, the trampling of those thousands of feet, produced a great noise and a great clamor. From time to time, this noise and clamor redoubled; the current which drove the crowd towards the grand staircase flowed backwards, became troubled, formed whirlpools. This was produced by the buffet of an archer, or the horse of one of the provost's sergeants, which kicked to restore order; an admirable tradition which the provostship has bequeathed to the constablery, the constablery to the maréchaussée, the maréchaussée to our gendarmeri of Paris.
这一天要进入这个大厅并非易事，当时它以世界上最大的厅堂闻名遐迩（确实，索瓦尔还没有丈量过蒙塔吉古堡的大厅）。司法宫广场挤满了人，给窗口看热闹的人展现了人山人海的画面；那里的五六条街有如河口，时刻涌出万头攒动。这股人流不断地壮大，撞上四处突出的墙角；在广场不规则的盆地中，墙角如同海角一样。在司法宫哥特式的高耸正面中央，大台阶上两道人流不断地上上下下，然后在中间台阶下面断开，以宽广的浪潮向两道斜坡倾泻而下。我所说的大台阶，不停地向广场涌出人流，宛若瀑布泻入湖中。喊声、笑声、千百只脚的踩踏声，汇成震天价响和轰轰然的喧豗。这种沸反盈天不时加剧。使人群涌向大台阶的潮流在折回、乱动、回旋。这是一个弓箭手在推撞，或者是司法官府的一个执法人员为了维持秩序，他的坐骑在尥蹶子；这个出色的传统由司法官府传给王室总管，王室总管传给骑警队，骑警队再传给巴黎的骑兵总队。在门口、窗户、天窗、屋顶上，挤满了千万个善良、安详而正直的市民面孔，他们注视着司法宫和人群，别无他求；因为有很多巴黎人只满足于凑热闹，在一堵墙后面发生一件事，对我们来说已经是兴味盎然了。
Thousands of good, calm, bourgeois faces thronged the windows, the doors, the dormer windows, the roofs, gazing at the palace, gazing at the populace, and asking nothing more; for many Parisians content themselves with the spectacle of the spectators, and a wall behind which something is going on becomes at once, for us, a very curious thing indeed If it could be granted to us, the men of 1830, to mingle in thought with those Parisians of the fifteenth century, and to enter with them, jostled, elbowed, pulled about, into that immense hall of the palace,which was so cramped on that sixth of January, 1482, the spectacle would not be devoid of either interest or charm, and we should have about us only things that were so old that they would seem new.
如果我们想象是一八三〇年的人，能够掺杂在这些十五世纪的巴黎人当中，和他们一起拉扯、摩肩接踵、磕磕碰碰，拥入司法官这个大厅，在一四八二年它变得这样狭小。这幅景象既不是毫无兴味，也不是毫无魅力，我们周围只有非常古老的事物，以至于我们觉得都是崭新的。
With the reader's consent, we will endeavor to retrace in thought, the impression which he would have experienced in company with us on crossing the threshold of that grand hall, in the midst of that tumultuous crowd in surcoats, short, sleeveless jackets, and doublets.
假若读者同意，我们可以尝试通过想象，重新感受一下这种印象：让我们穿过这个大厅的门槛，挤在穿上衣、短衫和工装的人群中间。
And, first of all, there is a buzzing in the ears, a dazzlement in the eyes.Above our heads is a double ogive vault, panelled with wood carving, painted azure, andsown with golden fleurs-de-lis; beneath our feet a pavement of black and white marble, alternating.A few paces distant, an enormous pillar, then another, then another; seven pillars in all, down the length of the hall, sustaining the spring of the arches of the double vault,in the centre of its width. Around four of the pillars, stalls of merchants, all sparkling with glass and tinsel; around the last three, benches of oak, worn and polished by the trunk hose of the litigants, and the robes of the attorneys. Around the hall, along the lofty wall, between the doors, between the windows, between the pillars, the interminable row of all the kings of France, from Pharamond down: the lazy kings, with pendent arms and downcast eyes; the valiant and combative kings, with heads and arms raised boldly heavenward. Then in the long, pointed windows, glass of a thousand hues; at the wide entrances to the hall, rich doors, finely sculptured; and all, the vaults, pillars, walls, jambs, panelling, doors, statues, covered from top to bottom with a splendid blue and gold illumination, which, a trifle tarnished at the epoch when we behold it, had almost entirely disappeared beneath dust and spiders in the year of grace, 1549, when du Breul still admired it from tradition.
先是耳朵里嗡嗡响，眼花缭乱。头顶上是尖形拱肋的双重拱顶,木刻镶嵌，漆成天蓝色，金色的百合花图案；在我们脚下，地面交替着黑白两色大理石。离我们几步远，是一根巨大的柱子，然后是另一根，然后是又一根；在大厅的纵向一共有七根，横里的正中，是支撑双重拱顶的拱底石。在前四根柱子的周围，有几间商铺，玻璃器皿和金属制品闪闪发光；在后三根柱子周围，摆着几张橡木长凳，已被诉讼人的裤子和诉讼代理人的长袍磨损和弄得光滑了。在大厅周围，沿着高墙，在门窗和柱子之间，排列着无尽的、从法拉蒙以来法国诸王的塑像；悠闲的诸王双臂下垂，眼睛耷拉着；骁勇而好战的诸王头颅和双手傲然地举向天空。然后，在尖拱形的长窗上，是五颜六色的彩色玻璃；在大厅的宽大出口，富丽的门上精雕细刻；所有的一切，拱顶、柱子、墙壁、门窗框架、护墙板、门、塑像，从上到下覆盖着蓝色和金色的光彩夺目的小彩画，在我们见到的时代已经有点变得暗淡了，在一五四九年，几乎完全消失在灰尘和蜘蛛网下面，虽然杜布勒尔还依照传统加以赞美。
Let the reader picture to himself now, this immense, oblong hall, illuminated by the pallid light of a January day, invaded by a motley and noisy throng which drifts along the walls, and eddies round the seven pillars, and he will have a confused idea of the whole effect of the picture, whose curious details we shall make an effort to indicate with more precision.
现今可以设想这个狭长的大厅，被一月里暗淡的光照亮，被颜色斑驳、闹闹嚷嚷的人群拥进来，他们沿着墙壁流散，围着七根柱子转悠，读者已经对这幅图画有个笼统的概念了，我们下面就试图更准确地指出有趣的细节。
It is certain, that if Ravaillac had not assassinated Henri IV., there would have been no documents in the trial of Ravaillac deposited in the clerk's office of the Palais de Justice, no accomplices interested in causing the said documents to disappear; hence, no incendiaries obliged, for lack of better means, to burn the clerk's office in order to burn the documents, and to burn the Palais de Justice in order to burn the clerk's office; consequently,in short,no conflag rationin 1618. The old Palais would be standing still, with its ancient grand hall; I should be able to say to the reader, "Go and look at it," and we shouldthus both escape the necessity, I of making, and he of reading, a description of it, such as it is. Which demonstrates a new truth: that great events have incalculable results.
可以肯定的是，倘若拉瓦雅克没有暗杀亨利四世，在司法宫的档案室里就绝不会存放拉瓦雅克的案件的卷宗；也根本没有故意毁掉这些案卷的同谋；由此，也根本没有为了烧掉案卷而烧掉档案室，为了烧掉档案室而烧掉司法宫；因此，最后也根本没有一六一八年的火灾。古老的司法宫会仍然同古老的大厅一起屹立；我就可以对读者说，去看看这个大厅吧；我们彼此都可以免去麻烦了，我呢，免得描写一番，读者呢，免得看如此这般的描写——这就证明了这条新颖的真理：重大事件有不可估量的后果。
It is true that it may be quite possible, in the first place, that Ravaillac had no accomplices; and in the second, that if he had any, they were in no way connected with the fire of 1618. Two other very plausible explanations exist: First, the great flaming star, a foot broad, and a cubit high, which fell from heaven, as every one knows, upon the law courts, after midnight on the seventh of March; second, Théophile's quatrain,—
当然，首先很有可能，拉瓦雅克没有同谋，其次，万一他有同谋，这些同谋也和一六一八年的火灾没有丝毫联系。有另外两个说得过去的解释。第一个，那颗燃烧着的大星星，一尺宽，一肘子高，众所周知，三月七日午夜过后，仿佛从天而降，落在司法宫上。第二个解释见于泰奥菲尔这四行诗：
"Sure, 'twas but a sorry game
When at Paris, Dame Justice,
Through having eaten too much spice,
Set the palace all aflame."
这可是悲惨的游戏：
当司法女神在巴黎，
太多辣椒吃在肚里，
司法宫大火全燃起。
Whatever may be thought of this triple explanation,political, physical, and poetical, of the burning of the law courts in 1618, the unfortunate factofthefireiscertain.Verylittletoday remains, thanks to this catastrophe,thanks, above all, to the successive restorations which have completed what it spared,very little remains of that first dwelling of the kings of France,of that elder palace of the Louvre, already so old in the time of Philip the Handsome, that they sought there for the traces of the magnificent buildings erected by King Robert and described by Helgaldus.
Nearly everything has disappeared. What has become of the chamber of the chancellery, where Saint Louis consummated his marriage? the garden where he administered justice, "clad in a coat of camelot, a surcoat oflinseywoolsey, without sleeves, and a surmantle of black sandal, as he lay upon the carpet with Joinville?" Where is the chamber of the Emperor Sigismond? and that of Charles IV.? that of Jean the Landless? Where is the staircase, from which Charles VI. promulgated his edict of pardon? the slab where Marcel cut the throats of Robert de Clermont and the Marshal of Champagne, in the presence of the dauphin? the wicket where the bulls of Pope Benedict were torn, and whence those who had brought them departed decked out, in derision, in copes and mitres, and making an apology through all Paris? and the grand hall, with its gilding, its azure, its statues, its pointed arches, its pillars, its immense vault, all fretted with carvings? and the gilded chamber? and the stone lion, which stood at the door, with lowered head and tail between his legs, like the lions on the throne of Solomon, in the humiliated attitude which befits force in the presence of justice? and the beautiful doors? and the stained glass? and the chased ironwork, which drove Biscornette to despair? and the delicate woodwork of Hancy? What has time, what have men done with these marvels? What have they given us in return for all this Gallic history, for all this Gothicart? The heavy flattened arches of M. de Brosse, that awkward architect of the SaintGervais portal. So much for art; and, as for history, we have the gossiping reminiscences of the great pillar, still ringing with the tattle of the Patru.
不管对一六一八年司法宫大火怎样做政治的、物质的、诗意的三重解释，不幸，确定无疑的事实就是大火。由于这次灾难，尤其由于接连多次修复，把幸免于难的部分也全毁了，今日这座建筑已所剩无几，法国几位君王的第一个宫寝就更是无影无踪了。卢浮宫的这位兄长，在美男子菲利普时代已经垂垂老矣，有人到里面去寻找罗贝王兴建的、埃加杜斯描述过的壮丽建筑的遗迹。几乎一切都消失殆尽。圣路易完婚的那间掌玺大臣公署办公室如今安在？他“身穿件羽纱上衣、一件无袖粗呢罩衫和一件黑檀木色外套，和儒安维尔躺在地毯上”，他审理案件的花园如今安在？西吉斯蒙皇帝的卧室如今安在？查理四世的卧室如今安在？无地约翰的卧室如今安在？查理六世颁布大赦令的那个楼梯如今安在？马塞尔当着王太子的面，扼死罗贝尔·德·克莱蒙和香槟元帅的那块石板地如今安在？针对伪教皇贝内迪的谕旨被撕碎那个边门如今安在？那些传谕使者身穿无袖长袍，头戴主教冠，受到嘲弄，在全巴黎当众认罪。还有那个大厅，金碧辉煌，尖拱窗户、塑像、柱子、缀满雕刻的宽广穹顶呢？还有那个金光闪烁的房间呢？还有那只石狮呢？它就放在门口，低垂着头，尾巴夹在两腿之间，犹如所罗门王座上的狮子，表现暴力在司法面前的卑下姿态。还有那些漂亮的大门呢？还有那些漂亮的彩色玻璃呢？还有使比斯科内特感到泄气的镂花金属饰物呢？还有杜昂西的精致木器呢？……时间做了些什么？创造出这些奇妙东西的人又做了些什么？对这一切，对这整个高卢历史，对这整个哥特式艺术，人们给了我们什么呢？圣日尔韦教堂大门的笨拙建筑师德·布罗斯先生设计的低矮笨重的拱腹，是为艺术而创作的；至于历史，我们关于粗大柱子喋喋不休的回忆，同时还回响着帕特律之流的说长道短。
本文英文内容节选自
《巴黎圣母院》
作者：维克多·雨果
辽宁人民出版社
2016年6月出版
中文译者：郑克鲁